Investigating how the customary, freehold, and leasehold land tenure systems in Ngora district can be reformed to increase agricultural productivity

ABSTRACT : This study aimed to investigate how customary, freehold, and leasehold land tenure systems in Ngora District, Uganda, can be reformed to enhance agricultural productivity, with a focus on identifying effective strategies and potential reforms. By examining the three prevalent land ownership systems, this research provides critical insights into policy and practice improvements that could benefit the agricultural sector, local communities, and the broader economy. The study was conducted in a district characterized by overlapping and unclear land tenure systems, which have led to frequent disputes and hindered the adoption of modern farming practices. A mixed-methods research design was employed, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis, to thoroughly assess the effects of these land tenure systems on agricultural productivity. Advanced coding techniques, statistical methods, and analytical tools were used to systematically analyze the data, revealing patterns, themes, and relationships between the variables. The study achieved a high response rate, with 92% participation in in-depth interviews and 99.3% in the quantitative component, with a higher representation of male respondents (71% in the expert group, 63% in the larger sample). The findings underscore the importance of secure and well-regulated land tenure systems in promoting agricultural productivity and addressing poverty and food insecurity in Ngora District. To improve agricultural outcomes, the study recommends the adoption of sustainable farming practices and crop diversification, alongside collaborative efforts by central and local governments to secure and protect land rights under all three tenure systems.

KEYWORDS : Customary, Freehold, and Leasehold Land Tenure Systems