VALIDITY OF THE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODELLEARNING TOOLS BASED ON THE STEAM APPROACHON STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

ABSTRACT: The utilization of instructional tools, such as learning devices, is essential for educators to facilitate optimal learning outcomes. These tools can enhance active participation and support the development of creative thinking and critical thinking skills. The implementation of appropriate pedagogical models and approaches can enhance students’ critical thinking abilities. This study posits that the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, when integrated with the Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) approach, can effectively cultivate critical thinking skills in students. The objective of this study is to ascertain the validity of the physics learning resources for senior high school students, which are based on the problembased learning (PBL) approach and incorporate the STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) methodology. The learning resources include the following: the lesson plan, the student workbook, the instructional materials, and the critical thinking assessment. This study employs a descriptivequantitative research approach. The results of the study indicate that the percentage of validity for the RPP is 93.18%, for the LKPD is 92.59%, for the instructional materials is 90.83%, and for the critical thinking test is 92.71%. Therefore, the developed instructional materials are highly valid for use in the learning process.

KEYWORDS:Learning Tools, Problem-Based Learning, STEAM Approach, Critical Thinking Skill